IT Questions and Answers :)

Thursday, February 28, 2019

In Windows, this is a snapshot of your computer's settings at a specific time.

In Windows, this is a snapshot of your computer's settings at a specific time.

  • Ghost image
  • System protection
  • Restore point
  • Rollback marker 

In Windows, this is a snapshot of your computer's settings at a specific time.

EXPLANATION

In Windows, a restore point is a backup copy of all your settings at a particular time. If some disaster occurs, you can restore your system to the most recent restore point. 

System Restore is a feature in Microsoft Windows that allows the user to revert their computer's state to that of a previous point in time, which can be used to recover from system malfunctions or other problems. First included in Windows ME, it has been included in all following desktop versions of Windows released since, excluding the Windows Server. In Windows 10, System Restore is turned off by default and must be enabled by users in order to function.Wikipedia
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On a UNIX or MacOS system, what is the term for what, on the Windows OS, is commonly known as the Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)?

On a UNIX or MacOS system, what is the term for what, on the Windows OS, is commonly known as the Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)?

  • Integrity Check Failure
  • Kernel Lock
  • Kernel Panic
  • Buffer Overflow 

 
On a UNIX or MacOS system, what is the term for what, on the Windows OS, is commonly known as the Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)?

EXPLANATION

Since the kernel handles the most basic functions of a computer, if it crashes it can take down the entire computer. This undesirable event is called a "kernel panic"
on m=MacOS and Unix systems. It is similar to the blue screen of death in Windows.

SOURCE

https://techterms.com/definition/kernel
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Monday, February 25, 2019

The hexadecimal 7F3E converted to binary is?

The hexadecimal 7F3E converted to binary is?

  • 0111 1111 1100 1110
  • 1000 1111 0011 1110
  • 0111 1111 0011 1101
  • 0111 1111 0011 1110 
 
The hexadecimal 7F3E converted to binary is?

EXPLANATION

7 = 0111
F = 1111
3 = 0011
E = 1110
 
DecimalBinaryHexadecimal
000000
100011
200102
300113
401004
501015
601106
701117
810008
910019
101010A
111011B
121100C
131101D
141110E
151111F

160001 000010
170001 000111
180001 001012
190001 001113
200001 010014
210001 010115
220001 011016
230001 011117
240001 100018
250001 100119
260001 10101A
270001 10111B
280001 11001C
290001 11011D
300001 11101E
310001 11111F
320010 000020
330010 000121
340010 001022
350010 001123
360010 010024
370010 010125
380010 011026
390010 011127
400010 100028
410010 100129
420010 10102A
430010 10112B
440010 11002C
450010 11012D
460010 11102E
470010 11112F
480011 000030
490011 000131
500011 001032
510011 001133
520011 010034
530011 010135
540011 011036
550011 011137
560011 100038
570011 100139
580011 10103A
590011 10113B
600011 11003C
610011 11013D
620011 11103E
630011 11113F
640100 000040
650100 000141
660100 001042
670100 001143
680100 010044
690100 010145
700100 011046
710100 011147
720100 100048
730100 100149
740100 10104A
750100 10114B
760100 11004C
770100 11014D
780100 11104E
790100 11114F
800101 000050
810101 000151
820101 001052
830101 001153
840101 010054
850101 010155
860101 011056
870101 011157
880101 100058
890101 100159
900101 10105A
910101 10115B
920101 11005C
930101 11015D
940101 11105E
950101 11115F
960110 000060
970110 000161
980110 001062
990110 001163
1000110 010064
1010110 010165
1020110 011066
1030110 011167
1040110 100068
1050110 100169
1060110 10106A
1070110 10116B
1080110 11006C
1090110 11016D
1100110 11106E
1110110 11116F
1120111 000070
1130111 000171
1140111 001072
1150111 001173
1160111 010074
1170111 010175
1180111 011076
1190111 011177
1200111 100078
1210111 100179
1220111 10107A
1230111 10117B
1240111 11007C
1250111 11017D
1260111 11107E
1270111 11117F
1281000 000080
1291000 000181
1301000 001082
1311000 001183
1321000 010084
1331000 010185
1341000 011086
1351000 011187
1361000 100088
1371000 100189
1381000 10108A
1391000 10118B
1401000 11008C
1411000 11018D
1421000 11108E
1431000 11118F
1441001 000090
1451001 000191
1461001 001092
1471001 001193
1481001 010094
1491001 010195
1501001 011096
1511001 011197
1521001 100098
1531001 100199
1541001 10109A
1551001 10119B
1561001 11009C
1571001 11019D
1581001 11109E
1591001 11119F
1601010 0000A0
1611010 0001A1
1621010 0010A2
1631010 0011A3
1641010 0100A4
1651010 0101A5
1661010 0110A6
1671010 0111A7
1681010 1000A8
1691010 1001A9
1701010 1010AA
1711010 1011AB
1721010 1100AC
1731010 1101AD
1741010 1110AE
1751010 1111AF
1761011 0000B0
1771011 0001B1
1781011 0010B2
1791011 0011B3
1801011 0100B4
1811011 0101B5
1821011 0110B6
1831011 0111B7
1841011 1000B8
1851011 1001B9
1861011 1010BA
1871011 1011BB
1881011 1100BC
1891011 1101BD
1901011 1110BE
1911011 1111BF
1921100 0000C0
1931100 0001C1
1941100 0010C2
1951100 0011C3
1961100 0100C4
1971100 0101C5
1981100 0110C6
1991100 0111C7
2001100 1000C8
2011100 1001C9
2021100 1010CA
2031100 1011CB
2041100 1100CC
2051100 1101CD
2061100 1110CE
2071100 1111CF
2081101 0000D0
2091101 0001D1
2101101 0010D2
2111101 0011D3
2121101 0100D4
2131101 0101D5
2141101 0110D6
2151101 0111D7
2161101 1000D8
2171101 1001D9
2181101 1010DA
2191101 1011DB
2201101 1100DC
2211101 1101DD
2221101 1110DE
2231101 1111DF
2241110 0000E0
2251110 0001E1
2261110 0010E2
2271110 0011E3
2281110 0100E4
2291110 0101E5
2301110 0110E6
2311110 0111E7
2321110 1000E8
2331110 1001E9
2341110 1010EA
2351110 1011EB
2361110 1100EC
2371110 1101ED
2381110 1110EE
2391110 1111EF
2401111 0000F0
2411111 0001F1
2421111 0010F2
2431111 0011F3
2441111 0100F4
2451111 0101F5
2461111 0110F6
2471111 0111F7
2481111 1000F8
2491111 1001F9
2501111 1010FA
2511111 1011FB
2521111 1100FC
2531111 1101FD
2541111 1110FE
2551111 1111FF
 
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Friday, February 22, 2019

Convert 101 from decimal to binary.

Convert 101 from decimal to binary.

  • 1011001
  • 1010101
  • 1110111
  • 1100101 

Convert 101 from decimal to binary.

EXPLANATION

From right to left, each column represents double the last column starting with the number 1. So the answer: 1100101 represents from right to left: (1x1) + (0x2) + (1x4) + (0x8) + (0x16) + (1x32) + (1x64) = 101.
Here are step-by-step instructions on how to convert the decimal number 101 to a binary number.

Step A) Determine if 101 is an even or odd number. If it is even, you assign a 0 and if it is odd you assign a 1.

Step B) Deduct the 1 or 0 in step A from 101 and then divide it by 2. Then, you see if that number is even or odd and then assign a 0 or 1 like step A.

Step C) Repeat step B with the new number until the number you get is 1.

Step D) Put all the 0s and 1s you assigned in reverse order to get the answer.

To illustrate better, we detailed below how we converted 101 decimal to binary using the steps above.

101 → 1

(101 - 1)/2 = 50 → 0

(50 - 0)/2 = 25 → 1

(25 - 1)/2 = 12 → 0

(12 - 0)/2 = 6 → 0

(6 - 0)/2 = 3 → 1

(3 - 1)/2 = 1 → 1

Then you put the binary number above in reverse order and you get the answer:

1100101
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Tuesday, February 19, 2019

Using steganography to hide an embedded file in a PDF, which of the following can be used?

Using steganography to hide an embedded file in a PDF, which of the following can be used?

  • {object(/(filename), /(filetype)) show == 0}
  • << /hideobj << /type (filename)
  • << /Embeddedfiles << /Names [(filename)]
  • << /Hidefile #! (filename) 

 
Using steganography to hide an embedded file in a PDF, which of the following can be used?

EXPLANATION

In PDF language, you would write "<< /Embeddedfiles << /Names [(filename here)]" to hide a file, as the language is designed in such a way that it looks explicitly for "/EmbeddedFiles" to render an embedded file, which is case sensitive. "/Embeddedfiles" without the capital F means nothing and so, the PDF reader ignores it and doesn't attempt to find the file specified.
Other ways of PDF obfuscation can be read about here, too:
https://blog.didierstevens.com/2008/04/29/pdf-let-me-count-the-ways/

SOURCE

https://blog.didierstevens.com/2009/07/01/embedding-and-hiding-files-in-pdf-documents/
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Monday, February 18, 2019

In VMware vSphere, the term VMotion refers to

In VMware vSphere, the term VMotion refers to

  • the use of high definition video on a virtual machine.
  • the process used to describe the movement of hard drive platters on a virtual machine.
  • a zero downtime live migration of workloads from one server to another.
  • the patented technology available to migrate a server from Hyper-V to VMware. 

In VMware vSphere, the term VMotion refers to

EXPLANATION


VMware vSphere live migration allows you to move an entire running virtual machine from one physical server to another, with no downtime. The virtual machine retains its network identity and connections, ensuring a seamless migration process. Transfer the virtual machine’s active memory and precise execution state over a high-speed network, allowing the virtual machine to switch from running on the source vSphere host to the destination vSphere host. This entire process takes less than two seconds on a gigabit Ethernet network. Live migration allows you to:

  • Automatically optimize virtual machines within resource pools.
  • Perform hardware maintenance without scheduling downtime or disrupting business operations.
  • Move virtual machines away from failing or underperforming servers. 

SOURCE

http://www.vmware.com/products/vsphere/vmotion.html
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Friday, February 15, 2019

What type of user mode is the default in SQL Server?

What type of user mode is the default in SQL Server?

  • MULTI_USER
  • RESTRICTED_USER
  • ROOT_USER
  • SINGLE_USER 

 
What type of user mode is the default in SQL Server?

EXPLANATION

Following are the three possible different user access modes in Sql server:
i) SINGLE_USER Database Access Mode
In SINGLE_USER access mode at any given point of time only one user can access the database. The user can be any user who has access to the database.
Note: Before setting the database to Single user mode make sure to STOP the sql server agent or see if any AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS_ASYNC option is set to OFF. Otherwise the Sql Server Agent or the background thread which updates the stats may utilize the only allowed connection.
ii) RESTRICTED_USER Access Mode

In RESTRICTED_USER access mode only the users who have db_owner or db_creator permission can access. Users who belong to the sysadmin fixed server role can also access the database which is in RESTRICTED_USER access mode.
At any given point of time ZERO or Many user can access the database as long as they have specified permission as mentioned previously.
iii) MULTI_USER Access Mode
This is the default database user access mode. In this database user access mode any user who have permission to access the database can access the database.

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