What is the first program that the Linux kernel runs once it's booted in a normal boot process?

What is the first program that the Linux kernel runs once it's booted in a normal boot process?

• dmesg
• lilo
• rc
• init 

 

EXPLANATION

The Linux kernel runs init as the first program; init then runs, via various scripts, other programs. The dmesg program is a user diagnostic and information tool not part of startup. The rc program is a script that some versions of init call during startup sequence but its not the first program the kernel runs. The lilo command installs the boot loader to MBR. The boot loader runs before the kernel and is the incorrect answer.

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In Linux, if the "setuid" bit is set, what happens to the permissions of a file when it is executed by a user?

In Linux, if the "setuid" bit is set, what happens to the permissions of a file when it is executed by a user?

• Gives every user write permissions
• Runs it with the same rights as the file's owner
• Inherits group privileges of the file
• Remains in the memory more time after execution 

EXPLANATION

In addition to the basic file permissions in Linux, there are few special permissions that are available for executable files and directories The "setuid" (set user ID upon execution) Unix access rights flag allow users to run an executable with the permissions of the executable's owner. If the SETGID is set, it inherits the group privileges of the file on execution, not the user privileges.
The setuid flag can pose a security risk if it is assigned to executable programs that are not carefully designed. 

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