In Windows, how do you configure the firewall to allow pings?

In Windows, how do you configure the firewall to allow pings?

• File and Printer Sharing
• Netlogon Service
• HomeGroup In
• Key Management Service 

EXPLANATION

1. Search for Windows Firewall, and click to open it.
   Note:

   For help navigating, see Get around in Windows.
2. Click Advanced Settings on the left.
3. From the left pane of the resulting window, click Inbound Rules.
4. In the right pane, find the rules titled File and Printer Sharing (Echo Request - ICMPv4-In).
5. Right-click each rule and choose Enable Rule.

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The first modems used a set of command codes to operate. What two letters did these generally start with, and what did it stand for?

The first modems used a set of command codes to operate. What two letters did these generally start with, and what did it stand for?

• AT - Automated Telephony
• AD - Access Dialling
• AT - Attention
• AD - Automated Dialling 

EXPLANATION

AT commands are instructions used to control a modem. AT is the abbreviation of ATtention. Every command line starts with "AT" or "at". That's why modem commands are called AT commands. Many of the commands that are used to control wired dial-up modems, such as ATD (Dial), ATA (Answer), ATH (Hook control) and ATO (Return to online data state), are also supported by GSM/GPRS modems and mobile phones. Besides this common AT command set, GSM/GPRS modems and mobile phones support an AT command set that is specific to the GSM technology, which includes SMS-related commands like AT+CMGS (Send SMS message), AT+CMSS (Send SMS message from storage), AT+CMGL (List SMS messages) and AT+CMGR (Read SMS messages).
Note that the starting "AT" is the prefix that informs the modem about the start of a command line. It is not part of the AT command name. For example, D is the actual AT command name in ATD and +CMGS is the actual AT command name in AT+CMGS. However, some books and web sites use them interchangeably as the name of an AT command.
Here are some of the tasks that can be done using AT commands with a GSM/GPRS modem or mobile phone:

• Get basic information about the mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem. For example, name of manufacturer (AT+CGMI), model number (AT+CGMM), IMEI number (International Mobile Equipment Identity) (AT+CGSN) and software version (AT+CGMR).
  
• Get basic information about the subscriber. For example, MSISDN (AT+CNUM) and IMSI number (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) (AT+CIMI).
  
• Get the current status of the mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem. For example, mobile phone activity status (AT+CPAS), mobile network registration status (AT+CREG), radio signal strength (AT+CSQ), battery charge level and battery charging status (AT+CBC).
  
• Establish a data connection or voice connection to a remote modem (ATD, ATA, etc).
  
• Send and receive fax (ATD, ATA, AT+F*).
  
• Send (AT+CMGS, AT+CMSS), read (AT+CMGR, AT+CMGL), write (AT+CMGW) or delete (AT+CMGD) SMS messages and obtain notifications of newly received SMS messages (AT+CNMI).
  
• Read (AT+CPBR), write (AT+CPBW) or search (AT+CPBF) phonebook entries.
  
• Perform security-related tasks, such as opening or closing facility locks (AT+CLCK), checking whether a facility is locked (AT+CLCK) and changing passwords (AT+CPWD).
  (Facility lock examples: SIM lock [a password must be given to the SIM card every time the mobile phone is switched on] and PH-SIM lock [a certain SIM card is associated with the mobile phone. To use other SIM cards with the mobile phone, a password must be entered.])
  
• Control the presentation of result codes / error messages of AT commands. For example, you can control whether to enable certain error messages (AT+CMEE) and whether error messages should be displayed in numeric format or verbose format (AT+CMEE=1 or AT+CMEE=2).
  
• Get or change the configurations of the mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem. For example, change the GSM network (AT+COPS), bearer service type (AT+CBST), radio link protocol parameters (AT+CRLP), SMS center address (AT+CSCA) and storage of SMS messages (AT+CPMS).
  
• Save and restore configurations of the mobile phone or GSM/GPRS modem. For example, save (AT+CSAS) and restore (AT+CRES) settings related to SMS messaging such as the SMS center address.
  

Note that mobile phone manufacturers usually do not implement all AT commands, command parameters and parameter values in their mobile phones. Also, the behavior of the implemented AT commands may be different from that defined in the standard. In general, GSM/GPRS modems designed for wireless applications have better support of AT commands than ordinary mobile phones.
In addition, some AT commands require the support of mobile network operators. For example, SMS over GPRS can be enabled on some GPRS mobile phones and GPRS modems with the +CGSMS command (command name in text: Select Service for MO SMS Messages). But if the mobile network operator does not support the transmission of SMS over GPRS, you cannot use this feature.

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How many addresses are in the range 192.168.0.1/32?

How many addresses are in the range 192.168.0.1/32?

• 255
• 32
• 1
• 1024 

EXPLANATION

IP Address: 192.168.0.1 Network Address: 192.168.0.1 Usable Host IP Range: NA Broadcast Address: 192.168.0.1 Total Number of Hosts: 1 Number of Usable Hosts: 0 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.255 Wildcard Mask: 0.0.0.0 Binary Subnet Mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111 IP Class: C CIDR Notation: /32 IP Type: Private Short: 192.168.0.1 /32 Binary ID: 11000000101010000000000000000001 Integer ID: 3232235521 Hex ID: 0xc0a80001 in-addr.arpa: 1.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa

SOURCE

https://subnet.techlanda.com/

 

 

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In Microsoft .Net, the value of VBNULL is

In Microsoft .Net, the value of VBNULL is

• 0
• 1
• Nothing
• -1 

EXPLANATION

Indicates that the type of a variant object is Nothing. Returned by the VarType function.

C#

public const Microsoft.VisualBasic.VariantType vbNull = 1;

vbNull is a Long with a value of 1. It is probably the most misunderstood constant in all of Visual Basic. It is a variable type constant like vbEmpty (0), vbInteger (2), vbLong (3) etc 

 

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Which PowerShell command helps you search for cmdlets currently available to you?

Which PowerShell command helps you search for cmdlets currently available to you?

• All-Commands
• Get-Command
• Search-Command
• Find-Command 

EXPLANATION

The PowerShell Get-Command cmdlet (‘command let’) in my opinion is the first PowerShell command you should know – that is if you are new to PowerShell.
PowerShell Get-Command lists all available PowerShell Cmdlets, Functions and Modules in your computer. I guess you are already beginning to see how helpful PowerShell Get-Command can be.
This is why I said that the Get-Command is a Cmdlet you need to know. The reason is simple. If you need a Cmdlet but you don’t know the Cmdlet or you cannot remember it, PowerShell Get-Command will help you find it.

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Which of the following is not considered an input device for a computer?

Which of the following is not considered an input device for a computer?

• USB hub
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• MFP printer 

EXPLANATION

In computing, a printer is a peripheral device which makes a persistent representation of graphics or text, usually on paper.
While most output is human-readable, bar code printers are an example of an expanded use for printers. The different types of printers include 3D printer, inkjet printer, laser printer, thermal printer, etc.

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Which of the following protocols is NOT normally used by someone surfing the web?

Which of the following protocols is NOT normally used by someone surfing the web?

• HTTP
• RIP
• RTSP
• TCP 

EXPLANATION

The Transmission Control Protocol is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite. It originated in the initial network implementation in which it complemented the Internet Protocol. Therefore, the entire suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP. 

 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.

Routing information protocol is most commonly deployed routing protocols, most of the operating windows, Linux and novel system use RIP. Routing information protocol is normally suitable for small office, medium office, branch office environment and flat networks. RIP is an interior routing protocol and used in inter-domain environment.  RIP have following three versions:

1. RIPv1 (version 1)
2. RIPv2 (version 2, VLMS and authentication support)
3. RIP NG (new generation, support IPV6)

 The Real Time Streaming Protocol is a network control protocol designed for use in entertainment and communications systems to control streaming media servers. The protocol is used for establishing and controlling media sessions between end points.

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