IT Questions and Answers :)

Friday, March 9, 2018

What type of jack would you normally use for a POTS line?

What type of jack would you normally use for a POTS line?

  • RJ9
  • RJ31X
  • RJ11
  • RJ45 

 
What type of jack would you normally use for a POTS line?

EXPLANATION

An RJ11 jack supports one POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) line.
An RJ9 is an unofficial 4P4C plug that is sometimes used for the handset connection to the telephone.  Think the coiled cord. (http://blog.jabra.com/4-types-of-wired-headset-connectors/)
An RJ31X is a special type of jack that can accommodate up to two POTS lines, but is wired using 4 pairs of wire.  This can be described as an intercept or "Man in the Middle" plug.  It is most commonly used with alarm systems,  When the alarm panel is plugged into the jack, the POTS lines pass through the alarm system.  This allow the alarm system to seize the line, possibly dropping a call in progress.  When the alarm system is not plugged into the jack, the POTS lines work normally.

An RJ45 is the jack most IT people are familiar with.  It is the 4 pair plug we normally associate with ethernet and patch cables.

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Thursday, March 8, 2018

In PowerShell, what do you call the method used to pass a hash table to a cmdlet as an argument to give it parameters?

In PowerShell, what do you call the method used to pass a hash table to a cmdlet as an argument to give it parameters?

  • Proping
  • Slamming
  • Hashing
  • Splatting 
 
In PowerShell, what do you call the method used to pass a hash table to a cmdlet as an argument to give it parameters?

EXPLANATION

Splatting can use either an array or a hash table, though it's typically used with a hash table.  The hash table is built with the key names matching the parameter names for the cmdlet, and the values being filled out with the information to pass to the respective parameter.  It's then passed as an argument to the cmdlet with the dollar ("$") decorator replaced with an at symbol ("@").
Example:
$splat = @{
    ParameterOne = 'Value to pass';
    ParameterTwo = 'Another value';
    ParameterThree = 'Still more values';
}

Get-Cmdlet @splat

# The above is equivalent to this:
Get-Cmdlet -ParameterOne 'Value to pass' -ParameterTwo 'Another value' -ParameterThree 'Still more values'
This method can be useful for making a cmdlet with a lot of parameters easier to manage.  It can also be useful for logically adding and removing parameters as needed without having to call the cmdlet multiple times, which can lead to cleaner code and faster execution time.
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj672955.aspx
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Wednesday, March 7, 2018

In SQL, how do you combine the contents of 2 (or more) queries, into a single, combined table without omitting duplicates?

In SQL, how do you combine the contents of 2 (or more) queries, into a single, combined table without omitting duplicates?

  • UNION
  • UNION ALL
  • FULL JOIN
  • JOIN 

 
In SQL, how do you combine the contents of 2 (or more) queries, into a single, combined table without omitting duplicates?

EXPLANATION

The difference between Union and Union all is that Union all will not eliminate duplicate rows, instead it just pulls all rows from all tables fitting your query specifics and combines them into a table. A UNION statement effectively does a SELECT DISTINCT on the results set.
Here's a good, quick resource: http://www.codefari.com/2015/10/what-is-difference-between-union-and.html

SOURCE

http://www.codefari.com/2015/10/what-is-difference-between-union-and.html
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Tuesday, March 6, 2018

Which of the following technologies is required to run Hyper-V on Windows 2012 R2?

Which of the following technologies is required to run Hyper-V on Windows 2012 R2?

  • Hardware Enforced Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
  • Hyper-threading
  • DirectX
  • MMX4 

 
Which of the following technologies is required to run Hyper-V on Windows 2012 R2?

EXPLANATION

Hyper-V virtualization technology requires specific hardware. You can identify systems that support x64-based architecture and Hyper-V by searching the Windows Server Catalog for Hyper-V: Windows Server catalog.
Hyper-V Server has hardware requirements that are similar to those for the Hyper-V role in other editions of Windows Server. Hardware-enforced Data Execution Prevention (DEP) must be available and enabled. Specifically, you must enable the Intel XD (“execute disable”) bit or the AMD NX (“no execute”) bit.

SOURCE

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc731898(v=ws.11).aspx
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Monday, March 5, 2018

In Windows Server, which of the following is NOT a domain-level Flexible Single Master Operation (FSMO) role?

In Windows Server, which of the following is NOT a domain-level Flexible Single Master Operation (FSMO) role?

  • Domain Naming Master
  • Relative ID (RID) Master
  • Infrastructure Master
  • Primary Domain Controller (PDC) Emulator 

EXPLANATION

There are five FSMO Roles represented in a typical Windows Active Directory, three domain-level, two enterprise-level. The forest/enterprise level roles are Schema Master and Domain Naming Master. The domain roles are PDC Emulator, Infrastructure Master, and RID Master.
A more detailed breakdown of FSMO roles can be found here.
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Friday, March 2, 2018

Which of the following is the most common trunking protocol used in virtual LANs?

Which of the following is the most common trunking protocol used in virtual LANs?

  • 802.1t
  • 802.1z
  • 802.1X
  • 802.1Q 
 
Which of the following is the most common trunking protocol used in virtual LANs?

EXPLANATION

IEEE 802.1Q is the networking standard that supports VLANs on an Ethernet network. The standard defines a system of VLAN tagging for Ethernet frames and the accompanying procedures to be used by bridges and switches in handling such frames
 
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Thursday, March 1, 2018

Which one of these is NOT a VoIP protocol?

Which one of these is NOT a VoIP protocol?

  • H.248
  • MXLP
  • SRTP
  • SIP 

 
Which one of these is NOT a VoIP protocol?

EXPLANATION

SIP, SRTP, and H.248 are all valid VoIP proptocols. MXLP, however, just sounds cool.
https://www.packetizer.com/ipmc/papers/understanding_voip/voip_protocols.html

SOURCE

https://www.packetizer.com/ipmc/papers/understanding_voip/voip_protocols.html
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