What's a VBR?

What's a VBR?

• Vacation Builds Sanity
• Visual Basic Remote
• Variable Bit Rate
• Volume Boot Record 

EXPLANATION

A variable bit rate (VBR) is an encoding method that is used mainly in communications and computing to achieve improved audio quality in comparison to file size ratio. Depending on the nature of the audio, the bit rate is continuously changed during the encoding process to achieve the VBR.


VBR is most commonly used in the transmission of compressed audio and video data, such as videoconferencing.

Variable Bit Rate (VBR)

Using the variable bit rate (VBR) method has advantages and disadvantages.

VBR advantages are as follows:

• Compared to a constant bit rate (CBR), VBR produces a better quality-to-space ratio for the same file size.
• The available bits are used to more flexibly and accurately encode the audio or video data.
• Higher bits are used in more difficult to encode passages and lower in less demanding passages.

VBR disadvantages are as follows:

• The encoding process requires more time.
  
• The VBR process is more complex and thus more susceptible to errors.
  
• Hardware compatibility can be an issue.
  

VBR encoding types include:

• Quality-based VBR encoding: The focus is on a specific quality level for the media stream and not the bit rate. This encoding also ensures that the generated file has a consistent quality. However, because this encoding cannot provide required size and bandwidth criteria, it may not be suitable for those with restricted memory or bandwidth, like portable media players.
  
• Unconstrained VBR encoding: This makes use of two encoding passes. Like CBR, unconstrained VBR encoding uses a specific bit rate, which is used as an average bit rate. Unconstrained VBR encoding's main advantage is the ability to provide the highest quality for the compressed stream, while remaining within an assumable bandwidth.
  
• Constrained VBR Encoding: This allows the specification of a maximum and minimum bit rate. Using the maximum values, the codec then determines and compresses the data.

 

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Which of the following PowerShell commands is equivalent to the "ipconfig /flushDNS" command?

Which of the following PowerShell commands is equivalent to the "ipconfig /flushDNS" command?

• Clear-DNSClientCache
• Clear-DNSCache
• Remove-DNSRecords
• Delete-DNSCache 

 

EXPLANATION

Clear and Flush DNS with PowerShell

You can use the following command to clear the DNS cache on a Windows system using PowerShell

 
Clear-DnsClientCache

Show DNS Cache with PowerShell

There is also a PowerShell command to show you the DNS cache:

 
Get-DnsClientCache

 

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What does HTTP stand for?

What does HTTP stand for?

• Hyper Text Markup Language
• Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
• HyperTexting Transfer Protocol
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol 

EXPLANATION

 HTTP - HyperText Transfer Protocol. HTTP means HyperText Transfer Protocol. HTTP is the underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web and this protocol defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands

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What Operating System used NLMs to add additional functions?

What Operating System used NLMs to add additional functions?

• NeXT
• Windows for Workgroups
• Novell NetWare 3.x or later
• CP/M 

EXPLANATION

NetWare is a discontinued computer network operating system developed by Novell, Inc. ... In 1991, Novell introduced cheaper peer-to-peer networking products for DOS and Windows, unrelated to their server-centric NetWare.

 

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What does GPU Stand for?

What does GPU Stand for?

• Great Pies Unit
• Graphics Programming Unit
• Graphical Processor Unit
• Graphics Processing Unit 

EXPLANATION

A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display device.

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Your networked printer goes offline after printing a test page. What step will force it back online?

Your networked printer goes offline after printing a test page. What step will force it back online?

• Make it use a different driver
• Remove and Reinstall the printer
• Threaten its family with a magnetic knife of doom
• Toggle SNMP under Port Configuration 

EXPLANATION

Here is a trick. When Windows (Server or Client) shows machine as offline, go the printer's web interface to see it's true status. If there is not an issue with web page (look at status, offline, online, ready, add paper, add toner...etc).
If it shows as ready or online, then it's maybe a SNMP issue. You can go to driver properties and go to ports tab. Click Configure Port button, and uncheck SNMP enabled. Now Windows will always think the printer in online and ready to receive a print.
A good printer should wake up from sleep mode, if Windows sends a print job.
Good Luck.

 

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A job is hung in your print queue and wont delete. How do you force it to delete?

A job is hung in your print queue and wont delete. How do you force it to delete?

• Turn the printer off then on
• Restart the Print Spool in Services
• Bust out your shaman gear, its spirit talking time
• Threaten the printer 

EXPLANATION

Clear the Print Queue.

This will often fix the problem on its own.

• Open the Services window (Windows key + R, type services.msc, press enter).
• Select Print Spooler and click the Stop icon, if it is not stopped already.
• Navigate to C:\Windows\system32\spool\PRINTERS and open this file. You may need to show hidden files or enter an administrator's password.
• Delete all contents inside the folder. Do not delete the PRINTERS folder itself. Note that this will remove all current print jobs, so make sure no one on your network is using the printer.
• Return to the Services window, select Print Spooler, and click Start.

Show hidden files

 

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