OSI model is having how many layers?

OSI model is having how many layers?

• 7
• 6
• 2
• 4 

 

EXPLANATION

The Open Systems Interconnection model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology. Its goal is the interoperability of diverse communication systems with standard protocols. The model partitions a communication system into abstraction layers. The original version of the model defined seven layers.

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Which Microsoft product was code named Snowball?

Which Microsoft product was code named Snowball?

• Windows 95
• Windows Vista
• Windows Server 2016
• Windows For Workgroups 3.11 

 

EXPLANATION

Operating systems

Windows 3.1x and 9x

Codename	Preliminary name	Final name	Notes	Ref
Janus	N/A	Windows 3.1	N/A	[2][3]
Sparta, Winball	Windows Plus	Windows for Workgroups 3.1	Windows 3.1 (16-bit) with enhanced networking; designed to work particularly well as a client with the new Windows NT.	[4][5]
Snowball	Windows for Workgroups 3.10	Windows for Workgroups 3.11	Although this release was still 16-bit Windows, it included a 32-bit TCP/IP stack (when running on compatible hardware). Along with Win32s, this was one of the first steps towards moving the Windows desktop to a 32-bit code base.	[6]
Chicago	Windows 4.0	Windows 95	For codenames of some of the internal components of Windows 95, see "Jaguar", "Cougar", "Panther" and "Stimpy" under § OS components.	[7][8]
Detroit	Windows 4.1	Windows 95 OSR 2	Named after Detroit, Michigan. A writer for Maximum PC suggested that "Detroit" and other Windows 95-era names were answers to the question posed by Microsoft's "Where do you want to go today?" marketing campaign.	[9]
Nashville	Windows 96	N/A	Cancelled upgrade for Windows 95; sometimes referred to in the press as Windows 96. Codename was reused for Internet Explorer 4.0 and Windows Desktop Update which incorporated many of the technologies planned for Nashville.	[10][11]
Memphis	Windows 97, Windows 4.1	Windows 98	N/A	[12]
Millennium	Windows 4.9	Windows ME	ME stands for Millennium Edition.

 

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What are the types of Eavesdropping attacks?

What are the types of Eavesdropping attacks?

• Passive & Active
• Data driven & software written
• Right & Wrong
• malicous & outbound 

EXPLANATION

Eavesdropping attacks occur through the interception of network traffic. By eavesdropping, an attacker can obtain passwords, credit card numbers and other confidential information that a user might be sending over the network. Eavesdropping can be passive or active:

• Passive eavesdropping — A hacker detects the information by listening to the message transmission in the network.
• Active eavesdropping — A hacker actively grabs the information by disguising himself as friendly unit and by sending queries to transmitters. This is called probing, scanning or tampering.

Detecting passive eavesdropping attacks is often more important than spotting active ones, since active attacks requires the attacker to gain knowledge of the friendly units by conducting passive eavesdropping before.
Data encryption is the best countermeasure for eavesdropping.

SOURCE

https://blog.netwrix.com/2018/05/15/top-10-most-common-types-of-cyber-attacks/#Eavesdropping%20attack

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In telecommunications, what does DIA stand for?

In telecommunications, what does DIA stand for?

• Dynamic Internet Access
• Digital Internet Access
• Direct Internet Access
• Dedicated Internet Access 

EXPLANATION

 These are data center applications which might require your company to need a Dedicated Internet Access (DIA) circuit, instead of the average, cost-effective business Internet access types, like Fios, U-verse, business-class cable, and DSL.

Types of Dedicated Internet Access circuits include:
Dedicated Fiber (a.k.a. fast ethernet, metro ethernet, ethernet over fiber); Ethernet over Copper (EoC); T-1 (DS-1); T-3 (DS-3); and Dedicated Fixed-Wireless.
The type of DIA circuit your company needs, depends on the circuit types available at your address and the bandwidth your company requires. In theory, the type of DIA circuit (i.e. fiber vs. T-1), only affects the bandwidth and price of the Internet connection.

SOURCE

 https://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/dia

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On ESXi, how is the parent-child relation determined between the base disk file and it's delta files, when a snapshot of a VM is taken.

On ESXi, how is the parent-child relation determined between the base disk file and it's delta files, when a snapshot of a VM is taken.

• Through VMFS metadata
• Through ESXi database
• Through .vmx file
• Through .vmdk descriptor file 

EXPLANATION

 Delta disk files: A .vmdk file to which the guest operating system can write. The delta disk represents the difference between the current state of the virtual disk and the state that existed at the time that the previous snapshot was taken. When you take a snapshot, the state of the virtual disk is preserved, which prevents the guest operating system from writing to it, and a delta or child disk is created. A delta disk has two files, including a descriptor file that is small and contains information about the virtual disk and a corresponding file that contains the raw data. The files that make up the delta disk are referred to as child disks or redo logs.

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What is the name of Microsoft's virtualization suite?

What is the name of Microsoft's virtualization suite?

• Hyper-V
• VM Ware
• Viridian
• Windows Server Virtualization 

EXPLANATION

VMware

vmware.comVMware, Inc. is a subsidiary of Dell Technologies that provides cloud computing and platform virtualization software and services. It was the first commercially successful company to virtualize the x86 architecture.

Hyper-V

Microsoft Hyper-V, codenamed Viridian and formerly known as Windows Server Virtualization, is a native hypervisor; it can create virtual machines on x86-64 systems running Windows. Starting with Windows 8, Hyper-V superseded Windows Virtual PC as the hardware virtualization component of the client editions of Windows NT. A server computer running Hyper-V can be configured to expose individual virtual machines to one or more networks.

Type:Native hypervisor

Included with:Windows Server 2008 and later, Select editions of Windows 8 and later

Replaces:Windows Virtual PC

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What is the longest run of UTP cable allowed for a single segment connection?

What is the longest run of UTP cable allowed for a single segment connection?

• 110 to 150 meters
• 90 to 100 Meters
• 100 to 105 meters
• 80 to 89 meters 

EXPLANATION

UTP cable does not have a maximum length.
However, the protocol that runs over UTP has a maximum length for performance and technical reasons (such as collision detection in Ethernet).

You're probably talking about Ethernet, and the maximum end-to-end cable length in Ethernet (at least for 100Base-TX, 1000Base-T and 10GBase-T) is 100M.

Assuming you're running full-duplex, you're withing spec (and hence should be fine) as long as no switch-switch or switch-host connection exceeds 100M.

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